Cocoa and chocolate products (05.1.4.0)
Description
Chocolate is produced from cocoa nibs, mass, press cake, powder, or liquor with or without addition of sugar, cocoa butter, aroma or flavouring substances, and optional ingredients (e.g. nuts).1 This category is for chocolate as defined in the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981) and for confectionery that meet the standard and may contain other contain other ingredients, for example chocolate-covered nuts and fruit (e.g. raisins). This category includes only the chocolate portion of any confectionery within the scope of food category 05.2. Examples include: bonbons, cocoa butter confectionery (composed of cocoa butter, milk solids and sugar), white chocolate, chocolate chips (e.g. for baking), milk chocolate, cream chocolate, sweet chocolate, bitter chocolate, enrobing chocolate, chocolate covered in a sugar-based “shell” or with coloured decorations, filled chocolate (chocolate with a texturally distinct center and external coating, excluding flour confectionery and pastry products of categories 07.2.1 and 07.2.2) and chocolate with added edible ingredients.2This category does not include yoghurt-, cereal-, and honey-covered nuts (category 15.2).This page provides information on the food additive provisions that are acceptable for use in foods conforming to the food category.
GSFA Provisions for Food Category 05.1.4.0
INS No
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
Notes
Defined In
950
500 mg/kg
188: If used in combination with aspartame-acesulfame salt (INS 962), the combined maximum use level, expressed as acesulfame potassium, should not exceed this level.
478: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars. This limitation may not apply to the appropriate use as a flavour enhancer.
05.1.4.0
N°
950
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
500 mg/kg
Notes
188: If used in combination with aspartame-acesulfame salt (INS 962), the combined maximum use level, expressed as acesulfame potassium, should not exceed this level.
478: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars. This limitation may not apply to the appropriate use as a flavour enhancer.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
969
20 mg/kg
478: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars. This limitation may not apply to the appropriate use as a flavour enhancer.
05.1.4.0
N°
969
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
20 mg/kg
Notes
478: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars. This limitation may not apply to the appropriate use as a flavour enhancer.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
129
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
300 mg/kg
Notes
183: For use in surface decoration only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
442
10000 mg/kg
101: When used in combination as emulsifiers: ammonium salts of phosphatidic acid (INS 442), polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid (INS 476), sorbitan monostearate (INS 491), sorbitan tristearate (INS 492), and polysorbates (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (INS 432), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (INS 433), polyoxyethylene (20), sorbitan monostearate (INS 435) and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate (INS 436)), the total combined use level shall not exceed 15,000 mg/kg.
05.1.4.0
N°
442
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
10000 mg/kg
Notes
101: When used in combination as emulsifiers: ammonium salts of phosphatidic acid (INS 442), polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid (INS 476), sorbitan monostearate (INS 491), sorbitan tristearate (INS 492), and polysorbates (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (INS 432), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (INS 433), polyoxyethylene (20), sorbitan monostearate (INS 435) and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate (INS 436)), the total combined use level shall not exceed 15,000 mg/kg.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
160b(i)
50 mg/kg
183: For use in surface decoration only.
8: As bixin.
05.1.4.0
N°
160b(i)
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
50 mg/kg
Notes
183: For use in surface decoration only.
8: As bixin.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
951
3000 mg/kg
191: If used in combination with aspartame-acesulfame salt (INS 962), the combined maximum use level, expressed as aspartame, should not exceed this level.
37: Except for products conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981) at 2000 mg/kg.
478: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars. This limitation may not apply to the appropriate use as a flavour enhancer.
05.1.4.0
N°
951
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
3000 mg/kg
Notes
191: If used in combination with aspartame-acesulfame salt (INS 962), the combined maximum use level, expressed as aspartame, should not exceed this level.
37: Except for products conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981) at 2000 mg/kg.
478: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars. This limitation may not apply to the appropriate use as a flavour enhancer.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
962
500 mg/kg
113: As acesulfame potassium equivalents (the reported maximum level can be converted to an aspartame-acesulfame salt basis by dividing by 0.44). Combined use of aspartame-acesulfame salt with individual acesulfame potassium or aspartame should not exceed the individual maximum levels for acesulfame potassium or aspartame (the reported maximum level can be converted to aspartame equivalents by dividing by 0.68).
477: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars.
05.1.4.0
N°
962
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
500 mg/kg
Notes
113: As acesulfame potassium equivalents (the reported maximum level can be converted to an aspartame-acesulfame salt basis by dividing by 0.44). Combined use of aspartame-acesulfame salt with individual acesulfame potassium or aspartame should not exceed the individual maximum levels for acesulfame potassium or aspartame (the reported maximum level can be converted to aspartame equivalents by dividing by 0.68).
477: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
901
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
GMP
Notes
3: For use in surface treatment only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
160a(ii)
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
100 mg/kg
Notes
183: For use in surface decoration only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
133
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
100 mg/kg
Notes
183: For use in surface decoration only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
320
200 mg/kg
130: Singly or in combination: butylated hydroxyanisole (INS 320), butylated hydroxytoluene (INS 321), tertiary butylated hydroquinone (INS 319), and propyl gallate (INS 310).
15: On the fat or oil basis.
303: Excluding products (other than white chocolate) conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981).
05.1.4.0
N°
320
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
200 mg/kg
Notes
130: Singly or in combination: butylated hydroxyanisole (INS 320), butylated hydroxytoluene (INS 321), tertiary butylated hydroquinone (INS 319), and propyl gallate (INS 310).
15: On the fat or oil basis.
303: Excluding products (other than white chocolate) conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981).
Defined In
05.1.4.0
321
200 mg/kg
130: Singly or in combination: butylated hydroxyanisole (INS 320), butylated hydroxytoluene (INS 321), tertiary butylated hydroquinone (INS 319), and propyl gallate (INS 310).
15: On the fat or oil basis.
303: Excluding products (other than white chocolate) conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981).
05.1.4.0
N°
321
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
200 mg/kg
Notes
130: Singly or in combination: butylated hydroxyanisole (INS 320), butylated hydroxytoluene (INS 321), tertiary butylated hydroquinone (INS 319), and propyl gallate (INS 310).
15: On the fat or oil basis.
303: Excluding products (other than white chocolate) conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981).
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
902
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
GMP
Notes
3: For use in surface treatment only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
150b
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
50000 mg/kg
Notes
183: For use in surface decoration only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
150c
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
50000 mg/kg
Notes
183: For use in surface decoration only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
150d
50000 mg/kg
183: For use in surface decoration only.
05.1.4.0
N°
150d
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
50000 mg/kg
Notes
183: For use in surface decoration only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
903
5000 mg/kg
3: For use in surface treatment only.
XS87: Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981).
05.1.4.0
N°
903
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
5000 mg/kg
Notes
3: For use in surface treatment only.
XS87: Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981).
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
-
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
100 mg/kg
Notes
183: For use in surface decoration only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
1503
350 mg/kg
XS87: Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981).
05.1.4.0
N°
1503
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
350 mg/kg
Notes
XS87: Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981).
Defined In
05.1.4.0
-
700 mg/kg
183: For use in surface decoration only.
05.1.4.0
N°
-
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
700 mg/kg
Notes
183: For use in surface decoration only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
100(i)
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
300 mg/kg
Notes
183: For use in surface decoration only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
-
500 mg/kg
17: As cyclamic acid.
477: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars.
05.1.4.0
N°
-
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
500 mg/kg
Notes
17: As cyclamic acid.
477: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
163(ii)
200 mg/kg
181: As anthocyanin.
183: For use in surface decoration only.
05.1.4.0
N°
163(ii)
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
200 mg/kg
Notes
181: As anthocyanin.
183: For use in surface decoration only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
132
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
450 mg/kg
Notes
183: For use in surface decoration only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
961
80 mg/kg
478: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars. This limitation may not apply to the appropriate use as a flavour enhancer.
XS87: Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981).
05.1.4.0
N°
961
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
80 mg/kg
Notes
478: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars. This limitation may not apply to the appropriate use as a flavour enhancer.
XS87: Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981).
Defined In
05.1.4.0
160c(ii)
95 mg/kg
183: For use in surface decoration only.
39: On a total carotenoid basis.
05.1.4.0
N°
160c(ii)
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
95 mg/kg
Notes
183: For use in surface decoration only.
39: On a total carotenoid basis.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
-
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
1100 mg/kg
Notes
33: As phosphorus.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
476
5000 mg/kg
101: When used in combination as emulsifiers: ammonium salts of phosphatidic acid (INS 442), polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid (INS 476), sorbitan monostearate (INS 491), sorbitan tristearate (INS 492), and polysorbates (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (INS 432), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (INS 433), polyoxyethylene (20), sorbitan monostearate (INS 435) and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate (INS 436)), the total combined use level shall not exceed 15,000 mg/kg.
05.1.4.0
N°
476
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
5000 mg/kg
Notes
101: When used in combination as emulsifiers: ammonium salts of phosphatidic acid (INS 442), polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid (INS 476), sorbitan monostearate (INS 491), sorbitan tristearate (INS 492), and polysorbates (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (INS 432), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (INS 433), polyoxyethylene (20), sorbitan monostearate (INS 435) and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate (INS 436)), the total combined use level shall not exceed 15,000 mg/kg.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
-
5000 mg/kg
101: When used in combination as emulsifiers: ammonium salts of phosphatidic acid (INS 442), polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid (INS 476), sorbitan monostearate (INS 491), sorbitan tristearate (INS 492), and polysorbates (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (INS 432), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (INS 433), polyoxyethylene (20), sorbitan monostearate (INS 435) and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate (INS 436)), the total combined use level shall not exceed 15,000 mg/kg.
05.1.4.0
N°
-
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
5000 mg/kg
Notes
101: When used in combination as emulsifiers: ammonium salts of phosphatidic acid (INS 442), polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid (INS 476), sorbitan monostearate (INS 491), sorbitan tristearate (INS 492), and polysorbates (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (INS 432), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (INS 433), polyoxyethylene (20), sorbitan monostearate (INS 435) and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate (INS 436)), the total combined use level shall not exceed 15,000 mg/kg.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
124
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
300 mg/kg
Notes
183: For use in surface decoration only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
-
500 mg/kg
477: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars.
05.1.4.0
N°
-
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
500 mg/kg
Notes
477: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
904
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
GMP
Notes
3: For use in surface treatment only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
-
10000 mg/kg
101: When used in combination as emulsifiers: ammonium salts of phosphatidic acid (INS 442), polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid (INS 476), sorbitan monostearate (INS 491), sorbitan tristearate (INS 492), and polysorbates (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (INS 432), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (INS 433), polyoxyethylene (20), sorbitan monostearate (INS 435) and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate (INS 436)), the total combined use level shall not exceed 15,000 mg/kg.
05.1.4.0
N°
-
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
10000 mg/kg
Notes
101: When used in combination as emulsifiers: ammonium salts of phosphatidic acid (INS 442), polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid (INS 476), sorbitan monostearate (INS 491), sorbitan tristearate (INS 492), and polysorbates (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (INS 432), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (INS 433), polyoxyethylene (20), sorbitan monostearate (INS 435) and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate (INS 436)), the total combined use level shall not exceed 15,000 mg/kg.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
-
350 mg/kg
26: As steviol equivalents.
477: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars.
05.1.4.0
N°
-
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
350 mg/kg
Notes
26: As steviol equivalents.
477: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
955
800 mg/kg
478: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars. This limitation may not apply to the appropriate use as a flavour enhancer.
XS87: Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981).
05.1.4.0
N°
955
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
800 mg/kg
Notes
478: Some Codex Members allow use of additives with sweetener function in all foods within this Food Category while others limit additives with sweetener function to those foods with significant energy reduction or no added sugars. This limitation may not apply to the appropriate use as a flavour enhancer.
XS87: Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981).
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
110
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
400 mg/kg
Notes
183: For use in surface decoration only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
-
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
5000 mg/kg
Notes
128: Tartaric acid (INS 334) only.
45: As tartaric acid.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
N°
102
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
100 mg/kg
Notes
183: For use in surface decoration only.
Defined In
05.1.4.0
319
200 mg/kg
130: Singly or in combination: butylated hydroxyanisole (INS 320), butylated hydroxytoluene (INS 321), tertiary butylated hydroquinone (INS 319), and propyl gallate (INS 310).
15: On the fat or oil basis.
303: Excluding products (other than white chocolate) conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981).
05.1.4.0
N°
319
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
200 mg/kg
Notes
130: Singly or in combination: butylated hydroxyanisole (INS 320), butylated hydroxytoluene (INS 321), tertiary butylated hydroquinone (INS 319), and propyl gallate (INS 310).
15: On the fat or oil basis.
303: Excluding products (other than white chocolate) conforming to the Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 87-1981).
Defined In
05.1.4.0
-
750 mg/kg
15: On the fat or oil basis.
168: Singly or in combination: d-alpha-tocopherol (INS 307a), tocopherol concentrate, mixed (INS 307b) and dl-alpha-tocopherol (INS 307c).
05.1.4.0
N°
-
Food Additive or Group
Max Level
750 mg/kg
Notes
15: On the fat or oil basis.
168: Singly or in combination: d-alpha-tocopherol (INS 307a), tocopherol concentrate, mixed (INS 307b) and dl-alpha-tocopherol (INS 307c).
Defined In
05.1.4.0
Showing 1 to 40 of 40 entries
Note: Items in uppercase (e.g. PHOSPHATES) refer to food additive groups.
- Food Chemistry, H.-D. Belitz & W. Grosch, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 1987, pp. 708-711.
- Standard for Chocolate and Chocolate Products (CODEX STAN 087-1981).